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Funny venn diagrams for classroom12/2/2023 Dairy and beef cattle are both highly efficient animals that produce more milk and meat than in years past. In the livestock industry, today’s cattle are also evidence of successful selective breeding. Borlaug is known as the “Father of the Green Revolution” for his improvement of wheat and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for a lifetime of work to feed a hungry world. By studying genetics and utilizing selective breeding, he was able to develop short-strawed, disease-resistant wheat that was high yielding. Norman Borlaug was a research scientist assigned to improve the wheat plant in Mexico. Many crops, including wheat, have been genetically improved through selective breeding. The successful results of selective breeding throughout the years can be seen in crop and livestock production today. This process creates offspring who are genetically superior to the parent organisms, thus improving plants and animals with each generation. Selective breeding allows producers to select and breed parent organisms with desired traits to produce offspring with more desirable characteristics. Selective breeding (also known as artificial selection) is a technique still extensively used by crop and livestock producers today. This lesson illustrates two- selective breeding and transgenesis. There are many examples of biotechnology. Biotechnology includes any use of science or technology to alter the genetic characteristics of a particular plant or animal. 11 Selective breeding was likely the earliest form of biotechnology used by humans to improve the genetic characteristics of plants and animals. The first steps of domestication probably happened by accident, but soon farmers deliberately practiced selective breeding to develop crops and livestock more suited to their needs. As hunter-gatherers became farmers, they learned to select and save seeds from plants that produced the best crops and to breed the animals that were best suited to meet people’s needs. Approximately 10,000 years ago, the domestication of plants and animals for human use began to develop rapidly. The development of agriculture, or the intentional production of plants and animals for human use, allowed people to settle in one place and form villages and cities. Transgenic: containing a gene that has been transferred from one organism to another and acts as a synonym for genetically modified Selective breeding: process by which humans control the breeding of plants or animals in order to exhibit or eliminate a particular characteristic Genetically modified organism (GMO): any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques Genetically engineered (GE): an organism or crop whose characteristics have been deliberately modified by manipulating its genetic material Gene: a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring Agriculture: the science, art, or practice of cultivating the soil, producing crops, and raising livestock and in varying degrees the preparation and marketing of the resulting productsĪnimal husbandry: the science of breeding and caring for farm animalsĪrtificial selection: the intentional breeding of plants and animals to produce specific, desirable traitsĭomesticate: to breed a population of animals or plants to serve the purposes of human beings and to need and accept human care
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